Explorando la IA en el aprendizaje de lenguas asistido por ordenador: pedAIgogías, prompts, personalización y políticas institucionales
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Palabras clave:
Inteligencia Artificial, IAG, literacidad en IA, aprendizaje de lenguas, plagio, personalización, políticas educativas de la IA
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Resumen
Este artículo es el resultado del proyecto institucional «La Inteligencia Artificial Generativa en los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje en educación superior: el caso de los estudiantes de idiomas». Su objetivo es establecer en qué medida estudiantes universitarios de idiomas de segundo curso experimentan, perciben y potencialmente emplean herramientas de Inteligencia Artificial (IA), y el posible impacto en su aprendizaje y rendimiento lingüístico.Los datos para el estudio provienen de estudiantes de lenguas aplicadas (n=75) de una universidad irlandesa y se obtuvieron utilizando varios métodos: una encuesta anónima en línea al final del semestre; una sesión con grupos focales y los ensayos finales producidos por los estudiantes reflexionando sobre el uso de la IA en su aprendizaje. Para el análisis se empleó un enfoque metodológico mixto, con análisis cuantitativo de los resultados de la encuesta y análisis cualitativo -temático deductivo usando NVIVO- de los grupos focales y los ensayos de reflexión. Los resultados se discuten y comparan con investigaciones en curso de los autores sobre tendencias y prácticas emergentes dentro del Aprendizaje de Lenguas Asistido por Ordenador y la IA. Estas incluyen: escritura de prompts, prácticas profesionales, pedAIgogías; personalización; uso ético y política de integridad académica. Las conclusiones ponen de manifiesto la necesidad de crear nuevas pedagogías -adoptando un enfoque de festina lente- y la urgencia en el desarrollo de la literacidad en IA paralelamente a políticas universitarias sobre su uso. Terminamos recomendando el uso crítico de recursos educativos abiertos para apoyar la integración de la IA en el aprendizaje de idiomas.
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Derechos de autor 2025 María Del Mar Palomares Marín, Marta Giralt, Liam Murray
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